SMART: Pfam domain Gemini

Gemini_AL1

PFAM accession number:	PF00799
Interpro abstract (IPR022690):	Geminiviruses are characterised by a genome of circular single-stranded DNA encapsidated in twinned (geminate) quasi-isometric particles, from which the group derives its name [ (PUBMED:16453696) ]. Most geminiviruses can be divided into two subgroups on the basis of host range and/or insect vector: i.e. those that infect dicotyledenous plants and are transmitted by the same whitefly species, and those that infect monocotyledenous plants and are transmitted by different leafhopper vectors. The genomes of the whitefly-transmitted African cassava mosaic virus, Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) and Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) possess a bipartite genome. By contrast, only a single DNA component has been identified for the leafhopper-transmitted Maize streak virus (MSV) and Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) [ (PUBMED:6526009) (PUBMED:2829117) ]. Beet curly top virus (BCTV), and Tobacco yellow dwarf virus belong to a third possible subgroup. Like MSV and WDV, BCTV is transmitted by a specific leafhopper species, yet like the whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses it has a host range confined to dicotyledenous plants. Sequence comparison of the whitefly-transmitted Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) with the genomic components of TGMV and BGMV reveals a close evolutionary relationship [ (PUBMED:1840676) (PUBMED:1984668) (PUBMED:1926771) ]. Amino acid sequence alignments of Potato yellow mosaic virus (PYMV) proteins with those encoded by other geminiviruses show that PYMV is closely related to geminiviruses isolated from the New World, especially in the putative coat protein gene regions [ (PUBMED:1926771) ]. Comparison of MSV DNA-encoded proteins with those of other geminiviruses infecting monocotyledonous plants, including Panicum streak virus [ (PUBMED:1588314) ] and Miscanthus streak virus (MiSV) [ (PUBMED:1919519) ], reveal high levels of similarity. The AL1 proteins encodes the replication initiator protein (Rep) of geminiviruses, which is a replicon-specific initiator enzyme and is an essential component of the replisome [ (PUBMED:12130667) ]. For geminivirus Rep protein, this N-terminal region is crucial for origin recognition and DNA cleavage and nucleotidyl transfer [ (PUBMED:12130667) ]. It is found in association with .
GO process:	DNA replication (GO:0006260)

PFAM accession number:

PF00799

Interpro abstract (IPR022690):

Geminiviruses are characterised by a genome of circular single-stranded DNA encapsidated in twinned (geminate) quasi-isometric particles, from which the group derives its name [ (PUBMED:16453696) ]. Most geminiviruses can be divided into two subgroups on the basis of host range and/or insect vector: i.e. those that infect dicotyledenous plants and are transmitted by the same whitefly species, and those that infect monocotyledenous plants and are transmitted by different leafhopper vectors. The genomes of the whitefly-transmitted African cassava mosaic virus, Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) and Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) possess a bipartite genome. By contrast, only a single DNA component has been identified for the leafhopper-transmitted Maize streak virus (MSV) and Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) [ (PUBMED:6526009) (PUBMED:2829117) ]. Beet curly top virus (BCTV), and Tobacco yellow dwarf virus belong to a third possible subgroup. Like MSV and WDV, BCTV is transmitted by a specific leafhopper species, yet like the whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses it has a host range confined to dicotyledenous plants.

Sequence comparison of the whitefly-transmitted Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) with the genomic components of TGMV and BGMV reveals a close evolutionary relationship [ (PUBMED:1840676) (PUBMED:1984668) (PUBMED:1926771) ]. Amino acid sequence alignments of Potato yellow mosaic virus (PYMV) proteins with those encoded by other geminiviruses show that PYMV is closely related to geminiviruses isolated from the New World, especially in the putative coat protein gene regions [ (PUBMED:1926771) ]. Comparison of MSV DNA-encoded proteins with those of other geminiviruses infecting monocotyledonous plants, including Panicum streak virus [ (PUBMED:1588314) ] and Miscanthus streak virus (MiSV) [ (PUBMED:1919519) ], reveal high levels of similarity.

The AL1 proteins encodes the replication initiator protein (Rep) of geminiviruses, which is a replicon-specific initiator enzyme and is an essential component of the replisome [ (PUBMED:12130667) ]. For geminivirus Rep protein, this N-terminal region is crucial for origin recognition and DNA cleavage and nucleotidyl transfer [ (PUBMED:12130667) ]. It is found in association with .

GO process:

DNA replication (GO:0006260)

This is a PFAM domain. For full annotation and more information, please see the PFAM entry Gemini_AL1