PhBP

Insect pheromone/odorant binding protein domains.

• SMART accession number: SM00708
• Description: -
• Interpro abstract (IPR006170):

  The olfactory receptors of terrestrial animals exist in an aqueous environment, yet detect odorants that are primarily hydrophobic. The aqueous solubility of hydrophobic odorants is thought to be greatly enhanced via odorant binding proteins which exist in the extracellular fluid surrounding the odorant receptors [ (PUBMED:2010751) ]. This family is composed of pheromone binding proteins (PBP) and general-odorant binding proteins (GOBP). GOBPs and PBPs form a subgroup of the insect odorant binding proteins (OBPs). PBPs are male-specific and associate with pheromone-sensitive neurons [ (PUBMED:2010751) ].

• GO function: odorant binding (GO:0005549)

There are 4306 PhBP domains in 4025 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

Literature (relevant references for this domain)

Primary literature is listed below; Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also avaliable.

• Du G, Prestwich GD
• Protein structure encodes the ligand binding specificity in pheromonebinding proteins.
• Biochemistry. 1995; 34: 8726-32

The ligand specificities and binding affinities of three recombinantpheromone binding proteins (PBPs) of two saturniid moths (genus Antheraea)were determined by using a novel binding assay in conjunction with twotritium-labeled constituents of the pheromone blend,[3H]-6E,11Z-hexadecadienyl acetate and [3H]-4E,9Z-tetradecadienyl acetate.The new binding assay, in which nonspecific adsorption to a plastic vesselis suppressed by presaturation of the surface with a 1-alkanol, allowsmeasurement of dissociation constants (KD) for lipophilic ligands fortheir carrier proteins. The three PBPs showed KD values for[3H]-6E,11Z-16:Ac and [3H]-4E,9Z-14:Ac between 0.6 and 30 microM, asdetermined by Scatchard analysis. Importantly, two PBPs (Aper-1 andAper-2) from one species showed opposite binding specificities for thesetwo ligands. Aper-1, like Apol-3, showed 15-fold higher affinity for6E,11Z-16:Ac than for 4E,9Z-14:Ac, while Aper-2 showed a 3.5-foldpreference for binding the shorter chain compound. In addition, for theApol-3 PBP, displacement of [3H]-6E,11Z-16:Ac binding by other pheromonecomponents or analogs showed a clear trend in relative binding affinity:6E,11Z-16:Ac > 4E,9Z-14:Ac > 6E,11Z-16:Al approximately 16:Ac >6E,11Z-16:OH > 4E,9Z-14:OH. These data clearly demonstrate a > 1000-foldrange of binding affinities among these very similar structures andunambiguously demonstrate the specificity of the PBP-pheromoneinteraction. Moreover, this assay offers the potential for determiningligand specificities for odorant binding proteins and other proteins inthe vertebrate lipocalin superfamily.

• Prestwich GD
• Bacterial expression and photoaffinity labeling of a pheromone bindingprotein.
• Protein Sci. 1993; 2: 420-8

The first high-level production of a binding-active odorant bindingprotein is described. The expression cassette polymerase chain reactionwas used to generate a DNA fragment encoding the pheromone binding protein(PBP) of the male moth Antheraea polyphemus. Transformation of Escherichiacoli cells with a vector containing this construct generated clones which,when induced with isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside, produced the14-kDa PBP in both the soluble fraction and in inclusion bodies.Purification of the soluble recombinant PBP by preparative isoelectricfocusing and gel filtration gave > 95% homogeneous protein, which wasimmunoreactive with an anti-PBP antiserum and exhibited specific,pheromone-displaceable covalent modification by the photoaffinity label[3H]6E,11Z-hexadecadienyl diazoacetate. Recombinant PBP wasindistinguishable from the insect-derived PBP, as determined by bothnative and denaturing gel electrophoresis, immunoreactivity, andphotoaffinity labeling properties. Moreover, the insoluble inclusion bodyprotein could be solubilized, refolded, and purified by the sameprocedures to give a recombinant PBP indistinguishable from the solublePBP. Proton NMR spectra of the soluble and refolded protein providefurther evidence that they possess the same folded structure.

• Raming K, Krieger J, Breer H
• Molecular cloning of an insect pheromone-binding protein.
• FEBS Lett. 1989; 256: 215-8

Clones coding for the pheromone binding protein precursor have beenselected from a cDNA library derived from antennae of the male moth,Antheraea polyphemus. The deduced protein sequence consists of a signalpeptide of 20 amino acid residues and a mature binding protein of 142amino acid residues. RNA blot hybridization indicated that the mRNA isselectively expressed in the antennae of the male moth.

Structure (3D structures containing this domain)

3D Structures of PhBP domains in PDB

PDB code	Title
1c3y	THP12-CARRIER PROTEIN FROM YELLOW MEAL WORM
1c3z	THP12-CARRIER PROTEIN FROM YELLOW MEAL WORM
1dqe	BOMBYX MORI PHEROMONE BINDING PROTEIN
1gm0	A FORM OF THE PHEROMONE-BINDING PROTEIN FROM BOMBYX MORI
1ls8	NMR structure of the unliganded Bombyx mori pheromone-binding protein at physiological pH
1oof	Complex of Drosophila odorant binding protein LUSH with ethanol
1oog	Complex of Drosophila odorant binding protein LUSH with propanol
1ooh	Complex of Drosophila odorant binding protein LUSH with butanol
1ooi	Crystal structure of LUSH from Drosophila melanogaster at pH 6.5
1org	The crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from the cockroach Leucophaea maderae reveals a new mechanism of pheromone binding
1ow4	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from the cockroach Leucophaea maderae in complex with the fluorescent reporter ANS (1-anilinonaphtalene-8-sulfonic acid),
1p28	The crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from the cockroach Leucophaea maderae in complex with a component of the pheromonal blend: 3-hydroxy-butan-2-one.
1qwv	Solution structure of Antheraea polyphemus pheromone binding protein (ApolPBP)
1t14	Crystal structure of LUSH from Drosophila melanogaster: apo protein
1tuj	Solution structure of the honey bee general odorant binding protein ASP2 in complex with trimethylsilyl-d4 propionate
1two	NMR structure of the pheromone binding protein from Antheraea polyphemus at acidic pH
1xfr	Solution structure of the Bombyx mori pheromone-binding protein fragment BmPBP(1-128) at pH 6.5
2erb	AgamOBP1, and odorant binding protein from Anopheles gambiae complexed with PEG
2fjy	Crystal Structure of B-form Bombyx mori Pheromone Binding Protein
2gte	Drosophila OBP LUSH bound to attractant pheromone 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate
2h8v	Structure of empty Pheromone Binding Protein ASP1 from the Honeybee Apis mellifera L
2jpo	NMR structure of Antheraea polyphemus pheromone-binding protein 1 at pH 4.5
2kph	NMR Structure of AtraPBP1 at pH 4.5
2l2c	NMR Structure of mosquito odorant binding protein bound to MOP pheromone
2p70	Bombyx mori pheromone binding protein bound to bell pepper odorant
2p71	Bombyx mori pheromone binding protein bound to iodohexadecane
2pql	Crystal Structure of Anopheles gambiae D7R4-tryptamine complex
2qdi	Drosophila OBP LUSH D118A mutation
2qeb	Crystal Structure of Anopheles Gambiae D7R4-Histamine Complex
2qeh	Crystal Structure of Anopheles gambiae D7r4-serotonin complex
2qeo	Crystal Structure of Anopheles gambiae D7R4-norepinephrine complex
2qev	Crystal Structure of Anopheles gambiae D7r4
2wc5	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2)
2wc6	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) with bombykol and water to Arg 110
2wch	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) with bombykal
2wcj	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) with ( 10E,12Z)-tetradecadien-1-ol
2wck	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) without ligand
2wcl	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) with (8E, 10Z)-hexadecadien-1-ol
2wcm	Structure of BMori GOBP2 (General Odorant Binding Protein 2) with ( 10E)-hexadecen-12-yn-1-ol
3b6x	Complex of S52A Substituted Drosophila LUSH protein with Butanol
3b7a	Complex of S52A Substituted Droposphila LUSH protein with Ethanol
3b86	Crystal structure of T57S substituted LUSH protein complexed with ethanol
3b87	Complex of T57A Substituted Droposphila LUSH protein with Butanol
3b88	Complex of T57A Substituted Drosophila LUSH Protein with Ethanol
3bfa	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with the Queen mandibular pheromone
3bfb	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with the 9-keto-2(E)-decenoic acid
3bfh	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with hexadecanoic acid
3bjh	Soft-SAD crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from the honeybee Apis mellifera L.
3cab	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera soaked at pH 7.0
3cdn	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera soaked at pH 4.0
3cyz	Dimeric crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with 9-keto-2(E)-decenoic acid at pH 7.0
3cz0	Dimeric crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with the n-butyl benzene sulfonamide at pH 7.0
3cz1	Dimeric crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera in complex with the n-butyl benzene sulfonamide at pH 7.0
3cz2	Dimeric crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera at pH 7.0
3d73	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35A, from Apis mellifera, at pH 7.0
3d74	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35A, from Apis mellifera, soaked at pH 5.5
3d75	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35N, from Apis mellifera, at pH 5.5
3d76	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35N, from Apis mellifera, soaked at pH 7.0
3d77	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35N, from Apis mellifera, soaked at pH 4.0
3d78	Dimeric crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein mutant D35N, from apis mellifera, at pH 7.0
3dxl	Crystal structure of AeD7 from Aedes Aegypti
3dy9	Crystal structure of AeD7 potassium bromide soak
3dye	Crystal structure of AED7-norepineprhine complex
3dzt	AeD7-leukotriene E4 complex
3fe6	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera with a serendipitous ligand at pH 5.5
3fe8	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera with a serendipitous ligand soaked at pH 4.0
3fe9	Crystal structure of a pheromone binding protein from Apis mellifera with a serendipitous ligand soaked at pH 7.0
3k1e	Crystal structure of odorant binding protein 1 (AaegOBP1) from Aedes aegypti
3l47	Crystal Structure of the Anopheles gambiae Odorant-binding Protein 22a
3l4a	Crystal Structure of an Anopheles gambiae Odorant-binding Protein 22a
3l4l	Crystal Structure of an Anopheles gambiae Odorant-binding Protein AgamOBP22a with Bound Odorant Benzaldehyde
3n7h	Crystal structure of Odorant Binding Protein 1 from Anopheles gambiae (AgamOBP1) with DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide) and PEG
3ngv	Crystal structure of AnSt-D7L1
3nhi	Crystal structure of the AnSt-D7L1-leukotriene C4 complex
3nht	Crystal structure of the AnSt-D7L1-U46619 complex
3ogn	Crystal Structure of an Odorant-binding Protein from the Southern House Mosquito Complexed with an Oviposition Pheromone
3pji	Crystal structure of AgamOBP22a at 1.7 angstrom in the open status for ligand binding.
3q8i	Crystal structure of Anopheles Gambiae odorant binding protein 4 in complex with indole
3qme	Crystal Structure of an Anopheles gambiae Odorant-binding Protein AgamOBP22a with Bound Odorant Cyclohexanone
3r1o	Odorant Binding Protein 7 from Anopheles gambiae with Four Disulfide Bridges
3r1p	Odorant Binding Protein 7 from Anopheles gambiae with Four Disulfide Bridges, form P1
3r1v	Odorant Binding Protein 7 from Anopheles gambiae with Four Disulfide Bridges, in complex with an azo compound
3r72	Apis mellifera odorant binding protein 5
3rzs	Apis mellifera OBP14 in complex with Ta6Br14
3s0a	Apis mellifera OBP14, native apo-protein
3s0b	Apis mellifera OBP14 in complex with the fluorescent probe 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN)
3s0d	Apis mellifera OBP 14 in complex with the citrus odorant citralva (3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienenitrile)
3s0e	Apis mellifera OBP14 in complex with the odorant eugenol (2-methoxy-4(2-propenyl)-phenol)
3s0f	Apis mellifera OBP14 native apo, crystal form 2
3s0g	Apis mellifera OBP 14 double mutant Gln44Cys, His97Cys
3v2l	Structure of Anopheles gambiae odorant binding protein 20 bound to polyethylene glycol
3vb1	Crystal Structure of Anopholes gambiae odorant binding protein 20 in open state
4f7f	Structure of Anopheles gambiae odorant binding protein 20
4fqt	Structure of AgamOBP1 Bound to 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one
4inw	Structure of Pheromone-binding protein 1 in complex with (11Z,13Z)-hexadecadienal
4inx	Structure of Pheromone-binding protein 1 in complex with (Z,Z)-11,13- hexadecadienol
4pt1	4PT1
4z39	4Z39
4z45	4Z45
5dic	5DIC
5el2	5EL2

Links (links to other resources describing this domain)

• INTERPRO: IPR006170