FCH

Fes/CIP4 homology domain
FCH
SMART accession number:SM00055
Description: Alignment extended from original report. Highly alpha-helical. Also known as the RAEYL motif or the S. pombe Cdc15 N-terminal domain.
Interpro abstract (IPR001060):

FCH domain is a short conserved region of around 60 amino acids first described as a region of homology between FER and CIP4 proteins [ (PUBMED:9210375) ]. In the CIP4 protein the FCH domain binds to microtubules [ (PUBMED:10713100) ]. The FCH domain is always found N-terminally and is followed by a coiled-coil region. The FCH and coiled-coil domains are structurally similar to Bin/amphiphysin/RVS (BAR) domains [ (PUBMED:18525024) ]. They are alpha-helical membrane-binding modules that function in endocytosis, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and signalling [ (PUBMED:18525024) ].

Proteins containing an FCH domain can be divided in 3 classes [ (PUBMED:11994747) ]:

  1. A subfamily of protein kinases usually associated with an SH2 domain:
    • Fps/fes (Fujimani poultry sarcoma/feline sarcoma) proto-oncogenes. They are non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases preferentially expressed in myeloid lineage. The viral oncogene has an unregulated kinase activity which abrogates the need for cytokines and influences differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells.
    • Fes related protein (fer). It is an ubiquitously expressed homologue of Fes.
  2. Adaptor proteins usually associated with a C-terminal SH3 domain:
    • Schizosaccharomyces pombe CDC15 protein. It mediates cytoskeletal rearrangements required for cytokinesis. It is essential for viability.
    • CD2 cytoplasmic domain binding protein.
    • Mammalian Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4). It may act as a link between Cdc42 signaling and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton.
    • Mammalian PACSIN proteins. A family of cytoplasmic phosphoproteins playing a role in vesicle formation and transport.
  3. A subfamily of Rho-GAP proteins:
    • Mammalian RhoGAP4 proteins. They may down-regulate Rho-like GTPases in hematopoietic cells.
    • Yeast hypothetical protein YBR260C.
    • Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical protein ZK669.1.
Family alignment:
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There are 9693 FCH domains in 9691 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

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