H2AHistone 2A |
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SMART accession number: | SM00414 |
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Description: | - |
Interpro abstract (IPR002119): | Histone H2A is a small, highly conserved nuclear protein that, together with two molecules each of histones H2B, H3 and H4, forms the eukaryotic nucleosome core [ (PUBMED:8121801) ]; the nucleosome octamer winds ~146 DNA base-pairs. In the mouse, histone H2A can be replaced by histone H2A-like 1 [ (PUBMED:17261847) ]. |
GO component: | nucleosome (GO:0000786) |
GO function: | DNA binding (GO:0003677) |
Family alignment: |
There are 8028 H2A domains in 7999 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.
Click on the following links for more information.
- Evolution (species in which this domain is found)
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Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing H2A domain.
This tree includes only several representative species. The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with H2A domain is also avaliable.
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing H2A domain in the selected taxonomic class.
- Literature (relevant references for this domain)
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Primary literature is listed below; Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also avaliable.
- Luger K, Richmond TJ
- DNA binding within the nucleosome core.
- Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1998; 8: 33-40
- Display abstract
The high resolution structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin reveals the form of DNA that is predominant in living cells and offers a wealth of information on DNA binding and bending by the histone octamer. Recent studies imply that chromatin is highly dynamic. This propensity for unfolding and refolding stems from the structural design of the nucleosome core. The histone-fold motif, central to nucleosome structure, is also found in other proteins involved in transcriptional regulation.
- Luger K, Mader AW, Richmond RK, Sargent DF, Richmond TJ
- Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution.
- Nature. 1997; 389: 251-60
- Display abstract
The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it. Both histone/histone and histone/DNA interactions depend on the histone fold domains and additional, well ordered structure elements extending from this motif. Histone amino-terminal tails pass over and between the gyres of the DNA superhelix to contact neighbouring particles. The lack of uniformity between multiple histone/DNA-binding sites causes the DNA to deviate from ideal superhelix geometry.
- Thatcher TH, Gorovsky MA
- Phylogenetic analysis of the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 1994; 22: 174-9
- Display abstract
Despite the ubiquity of histones in eukaryotes and their important role in determining the structure and function of chromatin, no detailed studies of the evolution of the histones have been reported. We have constructed phylogenetic trees for the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Histones which form dimers (H2A/H2B and H3/H4) have very similar trees and appear to have co-evolved, with the exception of the divergent sea urchin testis H2Bs, for which no corresponding divergent H2As have been identified. The trees for H2A and H2B also support the theory that animals and fungi have a common ancestor. H3 and H4 are 10-fold less divergent than H2A and H2B. Three evolutionary histories are observed for histone variants. H2A.F/Z-type variants arose once early in evolution, while H2A.X variants arose separately, during the evolution of multicellular animals. H3.3-type variants have arisen in multiple independent events.
- Structure (3D structures containing this domain)
3D Structures of H2A domains in PDB
PDB code Main view Title 1aoi COMPLEX BETWEEN NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE (H3,H4,H2A,H2B) AND 146 BP LONG DNA FRAGMENT 1eqz X-RAY STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE AT 2.5 A RESOLUTION 1f66 2.6 A CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE CONTAINING THE VARIANT HISTONE H2A.Z 1hio HISTONE OCTAMER (CHICKEN), CHROMOSOMAL PROTEIN, ALPHA CARBONS ONLY 1hq3 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HISTONE-CORE-OCTAMER IN KCL/PHOSPHATE 1id3 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE YEAST NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE REVEALS FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCES IN INTER-NUCLEOSOME INTERACTIONS 1kx3 X-Ray Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle, NCP146, at 2.0 A Resolution 1kx4 X-Ray Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle, NCP146b, at 2.6 A Resolution 1kx5 X-Ray Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle, NCP147, at 1.9 A Resolution 1m18 LIGAND BINDING ALTERS THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF NUCLEOSOMAL DNA 1m19 LIGAND BINDING ALTERS THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF NUCLEOSOMAL DNA 1m1a LIGAND BINDING ALTERS THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF NUCLEOSOMAL DNA 1p34 Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3a Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3b Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3f Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3g Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3i Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3k Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3l Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3m Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3o Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1p3p Crystallographic Studies of Nucleosome Core Particles containing Histone 'Sin' Mutants 1q9c Crystal Structure of the Histone domain of Son of Sevenless 1s32 Molecular Recognition of the Nucleosomal 'Supergroove' 1tzy Crystal Structure of the Core-Histone Octamer to 1.90 Angstrom Resolution 1u35 Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle containing the histone domain of macroH2A 1zbb Structure of the 4_601_167 Tetranucleosome 1zla X-ray Structure of a Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus LANA peptide bound to the nucleosomal core 2aro Crystal Structure Of The Native Histone Octamer To 2.1 Angstrom Resolution, Crystalised In The Presence Of S-Nitrosoglutathione 2cv5 Crystal structure of human nucleosome core particle 2f8n 2.9 Angstrom X-ray structure of hybrid macroH2A nucleosomes 2fj7 Crystal structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Containing a Poly (dA.dT) Sequence Element 2hio HISTONE OCTAMER (CHICKEN), CHROMOSOMAL PROTEIN 2jss NMR structure of chaperone Chz1 complexed with histone H2A.Z-H2B 2nqb Drosophila Nucleosome Structure 2nzd Nucleosome core particle containing 145 bp of DNA 2pyo Drosophila nucleosome core 2rvq 2RVQ 2xql Fitting of the H2A-H2B histones in the electron microscopy map of the complex Nucleoplasmin:H2A-H2B histones (1:5). 3a6n The nucleosome containing a testis-specific histone variant, human H3T 3afa The human nucleosome structure 3an2 The structure of the centromeric nucleosome containing CENP-A 3av1 The human nucleosome structure containing the histone variant H3.2 3av2 The human nucleosome structure containing the histone variant H3.3 3ayw Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H3K56Q mutation 3aze Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H3K64Q mutation 3azf Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H3K79Q mutation 3azg Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H3K115Q mutation 3azh Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H3K122Q mutation 3azi Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K31Q mutation 3azj Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K44Q mutation 3azk Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K59Q mutation 3azl Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K77Q mutation 3azm Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K79Q mutation 3azn Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle Containing H4K91Q mutation 3b6f Nucleosome core particle treated with cisplatin 3b6g Nucleosome core particle treated with oxaliplatin 3c1b The effect of H3 K79 dimethylation and H4 K20 trimethylation on nucleosome and chromatin structure 3c1c The effect of H3 K79 dimethylation and H4 K20 trimethylation on nucleosome and chromatin structure 3c9k Model of Histone Octamer Tubular Crystals 3ksy Crystal structure of the Histone domain, DH-PH unit, and catalytic unit of the Ras activator Son of Sevenless (SOS) 3kuy DNA Stretching in the Nucleosome Facilitates Alkylation by an Intercalating Antitumor Agent 3kwq Structural characterization of H3K56Q nucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays 3kxb Structural characterization of H3K56Q nucleosomes and nucleosomal arrays 3lel Structural Insight into the Sequence-Dependence of Nucleosome Positioning 3lja Using Soft X-Rays for a Detailed Picture of Divalent Metal Binding in the Nucleosome 3lz0 Crystal Structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Composed of the Widom 601 DNA Sequence (orientation 1) 3lz1 Crystal Structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Composed of the Widom 601 DNA Sequence (orientation 2) 3mgp Binding of Cobalt ions to the Nucleosome Core Particle 3mgq Binding of Nickel ions to the Nucleosome Core Particle 3mgr Binding of Rubidium ions to the Nucleosome Core Particle 3mgs Binding of Cesium ions to the Nucleosome Core particle 3mnn A Ruthenium Antitumour Agent Forms Specific Histone Protein Adducts in the Nucleosome Core 3mvd Crystal structure of the chromatin factor RCC1 in complex with the nucleosome core particle 3o62 Nucleosome core particle modified with a cisplatin 1,3-cis-{Pt(NH3)2}2+-d(GpTpG) intrastrand cross-link 3reh 2.5 Angstrom Crystal Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a 145 bp Alpha-Satellite DNA (NCP145) 3rei 2.65 Angstrom Crystal Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a 145 bp Alpha-Satellite DNA (NCP145) Derivatized with Triamminechloroplatinum(II) Chloride 3rej 2.55 Angstrom Crystal Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a 146 bp Alpha-Satellite DNA (NCP146b) 3rek 2.6 Angstrom Crystal Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a 146 bp Alpha-Satellite DNA (NCP146b) Derivatized with Oxaliplatin 3rel 2.7 Angstrom Crystal Structure of the Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a 146 bp Alpha-Satellite DNA (NCP146b) Derivatized with Triamminechloroplatinum(II) Chloride 3tu4 Crystal structure of the Sir3 BAH domain in complex with a nucleosome core particle. 3ut9 Crystal Structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with a Palindromic Widom '601' Derivative (NCP-601L) 3uta Crystal Structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with an Alpha-Satellite Sequence Containing Two TTAAA elements (NCP-TA2) 3utb Crystal Structure of Nucleosome Core Particle Assembled with the 146b Alpha-Satellite Sequence (NCP146b) 3w96 Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle lacking H2A N-terminal region 3w97 Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle lacking H2B N-terminal region 3w98 Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle lacking H3.1 N-terminal region 3w99 Crystal Structure of Human Nucleosome Core Particle lacking H4 N-terminal region 3wa9 The nucleosome containing human H2A.Z.1 3waa The nucleosome containing human H2A.Z.2 3wkj The nucleosome containing human TSH2B 3wtp 3WTP 3x1s 3X1S 3x1t 3X1T 3x1u 3X1U 3x1v 3X1V 4cay Crystal structure of a human Anp32e-H2A.Z-H2B complex 4j8u X-ray structure of NCP145 with chlorido(eta-6-p-cymene)(N-phenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)osmium(II) 4j8v X-ray structure of NCP145 with bound chlorido(eta-6-p-cymene)(N-phenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)ruthenium(II) 4j8w X-ray structure of NCP145 with chlorido(eta-6-p-cymene)(N-fluorophenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)osmium(II) 4j8x X-ray structure of NCP145 with bound chlorido(eta-6-p-cymene)(N-fluorophenyl-2-pyridinecarbothioamide)ruthenium(II) 4jjn Crystal structure of heterochromatin protein Sir3 in complex with a silenced yeast nucleosome 4kgc Nucleosome Core Particle Containing (ETA6-P-CYMENE)-(1, 2-ETHYLENEDIAMINE)-RUTHENIUM 4kha Structural basis of histone H2A-H2B recognition by the essential chaperone FACT 4kud Crystal structure of N-terminal acetylated Sir3 BAH domain D205N mutant in complex with yeast nucleosome core particle 4ld9 Crystal structure of the N-terminally acetylated BAH domain of Sir3 bound to the nucleosome core particle 4m6b Crystal structure of yeast Swr1-Z domain in complex with H2A.Z-H2B dimer 4nft Crystal structure of human lnkH2B-h2A.Z-Anp32e 4qlc 4QLC 4r8p 4R8P 4wnn 4WNN 4wu8 4WU8 4wu9 4WU9 4x23 4X23 4xuj 4XUJ 4xzq 4XZQ 4ym5 4YM5 4ym6 4YM6 4ys3 4YS3 4z5t 4Z5T 4z66 4Z66 4zux 4ZUX 5av5 5AV5 5av6 5AV6 5av8 5AV8 5av9 5AV9 5avb 5AVB 5avc 5AVC 5ay8 5AY8 5b0y 5B0Y 5b0z 5B0Z 5b24 5B24 5b2i 5B2I 5b2j 5B2J 5b31 5B31 5b32 5B32 5b33 5B33 5b40 5B40 5bt1 5BT1 5chl 5CHL 5cp6 5CP6 5cpi 5CPI 5cpj 5CPJ 5cpk 5CPK 5dnm 5DNM 5dnn 5DNN 5e5a 5E5A 5f99 5F99 5fug 5FUG 5g2e 5G2E 5hq2 5HQ2 5kgf 5KGF - Links (links to other resources describing this domain)
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PFAM histone INTERPRO IPR002119 PROSITE HISTONE_H2A