Alpha_L_fucos

Alpha-L-fucosidase
Alpha_L_fucos
SMART accession number:SM00812
Description: O-Glycosyl hydrolases (EC 3.2.1.-) are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycosyl hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of 85 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) web site PUBMED:. Because the fold of proteins is better conserved than their sequences, some of the families can be grouped in 'clans'. Family 29 encompasses alpha-L-fucosidases, which is a lysosomal enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing the alpha-1,6-linked fucose joined to the reducing-end N-acetylglucosamine of the carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins. Deficiency of alpha-L-fucosidase results in the lysosomal storage disease fucosidosis.
Interpro abstract (IPR000933):

O-Glycosyl hydrolases ( EC 3.2.1. ) are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycosyl hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of 85 different families [ (PUBMED:7624375) (PUBMED:8535779) ]. This classification is available on the CAZy (CArbohydrate-Active EnZymes) website.

O-Glycosyl hydrolases family 29 encompasses alpha-L-fucosidases ( EC 3.2.1.51 ) [ (PUBMED:2482732) ], which is a lysosomal enzyme responsible for hydrolysing the alpha-1,6-linked fucose joined to the reducing-end N-acetylglucosamine of the carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins. Alpha-L-fucosidase is responsible for hydrolysing the alpha-1,6-linked fucose joined to the reducing-end N-acetylglucosamine of the carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins.

Fucosylated glycoconjugates are involved in numerous biological events, making alpha-l-fucosidases, the enzymes responsible for their processing, critically important. Deficiency in alpha-l-fucosidase activity is associated with fucosidosis, a lysosomal storage disorder characterised by rapid neurodegeneration, resulting in severe mental and motor deterioration [ (PUBMED:14715651) ]. The enzyme is a hexamer and displays a two-domain fold, composed of a catalytic (beta/alpha)(8)-like domain and a C-terminal beta-sandwich domain [ (PUBMED:14715651) ].

Drosophila melanogaster spermatozoa contains an alpha-l-fucosidase that might be involved in fertilisation by interacting with alpha-l-fucose residues on the micropyle of the eggshell [ (PUBMED:18556148) ]. In human sperm, membrane-associated alpha-l-fucosidase is stable for extended periods of time, which is made possible by membrane domains and compartmentalisation. These help preserve protein integrity [ (PUBMED:18522672) ].

GO process:carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975)
GO function:alpha-L-fucosidase activity (GO:0004560)
Family alignment:
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There are 13818 Alpha_L_fucos domains in 13805 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

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