Iso_dh

Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
Iso_dh
SMART accession number:SM01329
Description: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), is an important enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism which catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate.
Interpro abstract (IPR024084):

This entry represents a structural domain found in all types of isocitrate dehydrogenase, and in isopropylmalate dehydrogenase and tartrate dehydrogenase. The crystal structure of Escherichia coli isopropylmalate dehydrogenase has been described [ (PUBMED:9086278) ].

The isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family includes isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH) and tartrate dehydrogenase.

IDH is an important enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism which catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate [ (PUBMED:2682654) (PUBMED:1939242) ]. IDH is either dependent on NAD + ( EC 1.1.1.41 ) or on NADP + ( EC 1.1.1.42 ). In eukaryotes there are at least three isozymes of IDH: two are located in the mitochondrial matrix (one NAD + -dependent, the other NADP + -dependent), while the third one (also NADP + -dependent) is cytoplasmic. In Escherichia coli, the activity of a NADP + -dependent form of the enzyme is controlled by the phosphorylation of a serine residue; the phosphorylated form of IDH is completely inactivated.

IMDH ( EC 1.1.1.85 ) catalyses the third step in the biosynthesis of leucine in bacteria and fungi, the oxidative decarboxylation of 3-isopropylmalate into 2-oxo-4-methylvalerate [ (PUBMED:1748999) (PUBMED:7773180) ].

Tartrate dehydrogenase ( EC 1.1.1.93 ) shows strong homology to prokaryotic isopropylmalate dehydrogenases and, to a lesser extent, isocitrate dehydrogenase [ (PUBMED:8053675) ]. It catalyses the reduction of tartrate to oxaloglycolate [ (PUBMED:8053675) ].

GO process:oxidation-reduction process (GO:0055114)
GO function:oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor (GO:0016616)
Family alignment:
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There are 52899 Iso_dh domains in 52895 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.

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