AP2 DNA-binding domain in plant proteins such as APETALA2 and EREBPs
SMART ACC:	SM000380
Description:	-
InterPro ACC:	IPR001471
InterPro abstract:	Ethylene is an endogenous plant hormone that influences many aspects of plant growth and development. Some defense related genes that are induced by ethylene contain a cis-regulatory element known as the Ethylene-Responsive Element (ERE) [ PUBMED:2535512 ]. Sequence analysis on various ERE regions has identified a short … expand Ethylene is an endogenous plant hormone that influences many aspects of plant growth and development. Some defense related genes that are induced by ethylene contain a cis-regulatory element known as the Ethylene-Responsive Element (ERE) [ PUBMED:2535512 ]. Sequence analysis on various ERE regions has identified a short motif rich in G/C nucleotides, the GCC-box, essential for the response to ethylene. This short motif is recognised by a family of transcrition factors, the ERE binding factors (ERF) [ PUBMED:10715325 ]. ERF proteins contain a domain of around 60 amino acids which is also found in the APETALA2 (AP2) protein [ PUBMED:7773013 ]. This AP2/ERF domain has been shown in various proteins to be necessary and sufficient to bind the GCC-box [ PUBMED:9756931 ]. The structure of the AP2/ERF domain in complex with the target DNA has been solved [ PUBMED:9736626 ]. The structure resembles that of bacteriophage integrases and the methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD): a three-stranded β-sheet and an α helix almost parallel to the β-sheet. It contacts DNA via Arg and Trp residues located in the β-sheet. collapse
GO process:	regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)
GO function:	DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)
Family alignment:	View the Family alignment or the Alignment consensus sequence
There are 27 042 AP2 domains in 23 419 proteins in SMART's NRDB database.

Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing AP2 domains

The tree below includes only several representative species and genera. The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins containing AP2 domains can be accessed here. Click the counts or percentage values to display the corresponding proteins.

Predicted cellular role

Binding / catalysis:	DNA-binding

Relevant references for this domain

Primary literature for the AP2 domain is listed below. Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also available.

KEGG pathways involving proteins which contain this domain

This information is based on the mapping of SMART genomic protein database to KEGG orthologous groups. Percentages are related to the number of proteins containing a AP2 domain which could be assigned to a KEGG orthologous group, and not all proteins containing AP2 domains. Please note that proteins can be included in multiple pathways, ie. the numbers below will not add to 100%.

KEGG pathways

Some of these pathways are included in the interactive Pathways Explorer overview maps. Select an overview map and click the button below to highlight them in iPath.

KEGG orthologous groups

Some of these KOs are included in the interactive Pathways Explorer overview maps. Select an overview map and click the button below to highlight them in iPath.

3D structures in PDB containing this domain

Links to other resources describing this domain

InterPro	IPR001471
Pfam	AP2-domain