This domain is frequently found associated with the NACHT domain ( IPR007111 ) in fish and other vertebrates [ (PUBMED:18039395) ]. Proteins containing this domain include NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3/12 (NLRP3/12). In humans, NLRP3 (also known as PYPAF1) may function as an inducer of apoptosis [ (PUBMED:11786556) ]. NLRP12 is a non-inflammasome NLR (nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors) that has been implicated in the regulation of Toll-like receptor-dependent nuclear factor-kappaB activation [ (PUBMED:21978668) ].
Family alignment:
There are 5755 FISNA domains in 5693 proteins in SMART's nrdb database.
Click on the following links for more information.
Evolution (species in which this domain is found)
Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing FISNA domain.
This tree includes only several representative species. The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with FISNA domain is also avaliable.
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing FISNA domain in the selected taxonomic class.
Literature (relevant references for this domain)
Primary literature is listed below; Automatically-derived, secondary literature is also avaliable.
Conservation and divergence of gene families encoding components of innate immuneresponse systems in zebrafish.
Genome Biol. 2007; 8: 251-251
Display abstract
BACKGROUND: The zebrafish has become a widely used model to study diseaseresistance and immunity. Although the genes encoding many components of immunesignaling pathways have been found in teleost fish, it is not clear whether allcomponents are present or whether the complexity of the signaling mechanismsemployed by mammals is similar in fish. RESULTS: We searched the genomes of thezebrafish Danio rerio and two pufferfish for genes encoding components of theToll-like receptor and interferon signaling pathways, the NLR (NACHT-domain andleucine rich repeat containing) protein family, and related proteins. We findthat most of the components known in mammals are also present in fish, withclearly recognizable orthologous relationships. The class II cytokines and their receptors have diverged extensively, obscuring orthologies, but the number ofreceptors is similar in all species analyzed. In the family of the NLR proteins, the canonical members are conserved. We also found a conserved NACHT-domainprotein with WD40 repeats that had previously not been described in mammals.Additionally, we have identified in each of the three fish a largespecies-specific subgroup of NLR proteins that contain a novel amino-terminaldomain that is not found in mammalian genomes. CONCLUSION: The main innate immunesignaling pathways are conserved in mammals and teleost fish. Whereas thecomponents that act downstream of the receptors are highly conserved, withorthologous sets of genes in mammals and teleosts, components that are known orassumed to interact with pathogens are more divergent and have undergonelineage-specific expansions.
Links (links to other resources describing this domain)
