This entry represents the HMGN family, whose members promote chromatin unfolding, enhance access to nucleosomes, and modulate transcription from chromatin templates. HMGNs are expressed only in vertebrates [ (PUBMED:25281808) ].
The high mobility group (HMG) proteins are the most abundant and ubiquitous nonhistone chromosomal proteins. They bind to DNA and to nucleosomes and are involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, recombination, and DNA repair. They can be grouped into three families: HMGB (HMG 1/2), HMGN (HMG 14/17) and HMGA (HMG I/Y). The characteristic domains are: AT-hook for the HMGA family, the HMG Box for the HMGB family, and the nucleosome-binding domain (NBD) for the members of the HMGN family [ (PUBMED:25281808) ].
Chicken chromosomal protein HMG-14 and HMG-17 cDNA clones: isolation, characterization and sequence comparison.
Gene. 1988; 63: 287-95
Display abstract
A cDNA clone coding for the chicken high-mobility group 14 (HMG-14) mRNA has been isolated from a chicken-liver cDNA library by screening with two synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide pools whose sequences were derived from the partial amino acid sequence of the HMG-14 protein. A chicken HMG-17 cDNA clone was also isolated in a similar fashion. Comparison of the two chicken HMG cDNA clones to the corresponding human cDNA sequences shows that chicken and human HMG-14 mRNAs and polypeptides are considerably less similar than are the corresponding HMG-17 sequences. In fact, the chicken HMG-14 is almost as similar to the chicken HMG-17 in amino acid sequence as it is to mammalian HMG-14 polypeptides. HMG-14 and HMG-17 mRNAs seem to contain a conserved sequence element in their 3'-untranslated regions whose function is at present unknown. The chicken HMG-14 and HMG-17 genes, in contrast to their mammalian counterparts, appear to exist as single-copy sequences in the chicken genome, although there appear to exist one or more additional sequences which partially hybridize to HMG-14 cDNA. Chicken HMG-14 mRNA, about 950 nucleotides in length, was detected in chicken liver RNA but was below our detection limits in reticulocyte RNA.
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